Numerous clinical studies have established that angiotensin II receptor blockers are effective as antihypertensive therapy and are well tolerated. Studies demonstrate that adding an angiotensin II ...
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Aging is an inevitable progressive decline in physiological organ function that increases the chance of disease and death. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is involved in the regulation of ...
Renal hypoperfusion occurs as a result of reduced cardiac output, resulting in the activation of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, which compensates for the hypoperfusion. However ...
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute respiratory disease caused by a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has no specific and effective treatment. The ...
Renal hypoplasia, defined as abnormally small kidneys with normal morphology and reduced nephron number, is a common cause of pediatric renal failure and adult-onset disease. Genetic studies ...