All our LCBDEs were performed through choledochotomy with T-tube placement. The mean operative time of the LCBDE group (124 +/- 48 minutes) was not significantly longer then the CCBDE group (118 ...

Laparoscopic Choledochotomy (LC). The first step of this procedure was to expose the porta hepatis by lifting the round ligament with a transparietal suture and by pulling the cystic duct up and ...

The operation is simple, and carries a morbidity comparable to that of ordinary cholecystectomy and choledochotomy. No cases of ascending cholangitis, and no deaths have occurred in this series.